How accounting works for a Bulgarian company (ЕООД / ООД)
Every Bulgarian company keeps double-entry accounts under the Accountancy Act, however small it is and whether or not it traded. In practice that is four things: a chronological record of every document, monthly filings (VAT and social security, where they apply), an annual return by 30 June, and publication of the annual financial statements by 30 September. Records are kept for up to 10 years.
The monthly rhythm
What you file each month depends on two things: whether you are VAT-registered, and whether anyone is insured through the company. If both are "no", nothing is filed monthly — but the bookkeeping still happens.
| What | Deadline | Who files it |
|---|---|---|
| VAT return + purchase and sales ledgers | 14th of the following month | Every VAT-registered person |
| VIES return | 14th | On supplies to EU businesses |
| Д1 and Д6 (social security) | 25th of the following month | Anyone with insured people, including a self-insured owner |
| Appendix 38 under Ordinance Н-18 | 15th | Online shops not using a fiscal device |
The annual rhythm
| What | Deadline |
|---|---|
| Personal income tax return (Art. 50) for individuals and the self-insured | 30 April |
| Corporate income tax return and payment | 30 June |
| Annual activity report to the statistics institute | 30 June |
| Declaration of no activity, if there was none | 30 June |
| Publication of the annual financial statements in the Commercial Register | 30 September |
How long records are kept
Accounting registers and financial statements: 10 years. Documents for tax control: 5 years after the limitation period of the liability they relate to. Payroll records: 50 years. Deleting early is a breach, not tidying up.
A dormant company still files something
A company with no transactions at all files no corporate tax return, but it does file a declaration of no activity by 30 June and record in the Commercial Register that it did not trade. Missing that is the most common penalty dormant companies collect — it is owed precisely because nothing happened.
If you are the sole owner and manager, you are a self-insured person. That means Д1 and Д6 every month, even in months you pay yourself nothing.
This is general information, not tax advice for your situation. Check every document you file.